LFU:online

In the lecture, students should develop a general view of the emergence and development phases of law schools.

Right from the beginning of Islamic history, legal positions have emerged on the basis of different epistemological approaches as well as theological disagreements. Based on the earlier theological discussions as well as positions of the followers of the ra'y (ahl ar-ra'y) and supporters of the Hadīth (Ashāb al-hadīth) in the field of legal development, the various law schools (Ḥanafiten, Šafi'īten, Mālikiten, Ḥanbaliten, Zahiriten, Ǧa'fariten, Zaiditen), which in the course of time most strongly influenced Islamic theology and are constantly present in the everyday life of a Muslim. In the lecture, the origin, development and fundamentals of the law schools as well as the influence and the interaction of the political and theological currents on the formation phase are presented and discussed. Subsequently, the principles of Sunni and Shiite law schools are compared with each other and illustrated using examples. Also, the historical phase of the Taqlid, in which no new schools have emerged and written down the foundations and important concepts of each school and studied. Then, hierarchy of legal sources in traditional Sunni Islam are discussed. Finally, Madrassa's role as the classical educational institution of Islam is explained in the consolidation of the borders between the madāhib. Finally, the importance of the madāhib for the everyday life of Muslims is explained today.

Lecture, discussion, presentation

Written

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