LFU:online

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and apply propositional logic, set theory and complex numbers; ¿ understand and apply linear algebra, including groups, vector spaces, generating systems, bases, linear mappings, matrices, systems of linear equations, orthogonal projection, orthonormal bases, norm, scalar and cross product, determinant, eigenvalue and vector, coordinate transformation and orthogonal mappings; ¿ use linear algebra to solve chemical and physical problems; ¿ discuss, study in-depth and present mathematical content; ¿ master scientific argumentation in the context of mathematical content; ¿ understand and apply the relationship between mathematics and chemistry; ¿ understand one and multidimensional real analysis, including sequences, limits, Banach and Hilbert spaces, derivatives, partial derivatives, total differential, two and three legs, implicit differentiation, one and multidimensional primitives, series, power series, radius of convergence, one and multi-dimensional Taylor series, definite and improper integrals, approximations, Fourier series, range and curve integrals as well as the theory of ordinary and partial differential equations; ¿ apply calculus to solve chemical and physical problems; ¿ relate the mathematical concepts to real phenomena and processes; ¿ apply mathematical concepts to real chemical and physical phenomena and processes.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and apply concepts of atomic theory, chemical formulae and reaction equations, electron structure and properties of atoms, ionic and covalent bonding, molecular structure, molecular orbitals and chemical thermodynamics; ¿ understand and apply reaction kinetics, chemical equilibrium, acids and bases, acid-base equilibria, solubility product and complex equilibria, electrochemistry and material chemistry including important naturally occurring and technically important inorganic reactions in aqueous solution; ¿ understand and apply experimental methods for the investigation of gases, liquids, solids and solutions; ¿ understand and apply reactions of salts and metals with water, acids, alkalis, and molten salts as well as simultaneous equilibria; ¿ understand and apply group and identification reactions for the analysis of ions and the separation and removal of ions in water; ¿ understand and apply technically important inorganic reactions in aqueous solution; ¿ understand, comply with and apply the rules of conduct for working in a chemical laboratory as well as safety and health protection labelling; ¿ recognise, understand and apply hazardous work, personal protective equipment, hazardous materials, fire safety and first aid; ¿ work safely in the chemical laboratory; ¿ perform chemical calculations, including the determination of quantities of substances, percentage compositions of compounds and concentrations of solutions; ¿ understand, calculate and apply chemical reaction equations, redox equations and yields in chemical reactions; ¿ understand and apply pH, weak acids/bases, multi-proton acids, salts of weak acids/bases, buffer solutions, solubility product, precipitation reactions, coordination compounds and complexation constants.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and apply the fundamentals of analytical chemistry, including chemical equilibria and measures of concentration, including the use of analytical equipment and the performance of sample preparation and digestion procedures; ¿ understand and apply various analytical separation methods and procedures, including gravimetry, dimensional analysis, optical analysis methods and separation methods such as precipitation, partitioning, ion exchange, chromatography and electrophoresis; ¿ understand, interpret and apply uni- and bivariate statistical methods for data analysis, including error propagation, hypothesis testing, outlier testing, comparison of measurement series, analysis of variance and regression; ¿ understand and apply fundamentals of chemometric methods, including fundamentals of statistical experimental design and multivariate data analysis; ¿ understand the importance of chemometric methods for the analysis and interpretation of analytic data; ¿ understand and apply concrete analytical techniques such as extraction, solid phase extraction, calibration techniques, electroanalytical methods, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and analytical coupling methods; ¿ understand the role of analytical chemistry in the analysis of environmental samples and biomolecules; ¿ understand the importance of analytical chemistry for other areas of chemistry and related disciplines.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and apply the chemistry of the main group elements, including their representation, properties and reactivities; ¿ understand and critically discuss the importance of main group chemistry in basic research and in industrial processes, taking into account ecological and toxicological contexts; ¿ understand and apply experimental methods to study the chemistry of the main group elements; ¿ understand and apply the chemistry of the subgroup elements, especially the d-block elements, including basic bonding models and reactivities of coordination compounds; ¿ know, understand and apply properties, occurrence and extraction of the d-metals, as well as know and describe important compound classes and technically important processes; ¿ understand and discuss bioinorganic aspects and the chemistry of lanthanoids and actinoids.

Prerequisites for registration: positive evaluation of compulsory module 3

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand, describe and carry out basic chemical reactions in aqueous solution, including dissolution and precipitation reactions, acid-base reactions, redox reactions and complexation reactions; ¿ experimentally identify the properties of salts, metals, acids and bases based on analytical observations and findings; ¿ conduct experiments, collect, analyse and interpret data to draw scientific conclusions and communicate the results in written and oral form.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and apply thermodynamic concepts and methods to analyse and describe chemical systems; ¿ formulate and apply equations of state of gases to understand and describe the behaviour of gases; ¿ define and use the terms enthalpy, entropy, free energy and free enthalpy to describe chemical reactions and processes; ¿ understand and apply the importance of phase equilibria and colligative properties to describe the physical properties of solutions.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand the chemical bonds in hydrocarbons and explain and apply the basic aspects of the nomenclature of organic compounds; ¿ describe the structure and stereochemistry of organic compounds and explain the preparation and reactions of different classes of organic compounds, including alkanes, alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers, amines, alkenes, alkynes, allenes, aromatics, carbonyl compounds, carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid derivatives; ¿ understand and explain reaction mechanisms including nucleophilic substitution, elimination reactions, addition reactions and electrophilic aromatic substitution; ¿ understand and explain methods for structure elucidation and analysis of organic compounds; ¿ understand the basics of mass spectrometry for the identification, characterisation and structural elucidation of organic compounds, including the natural isotopic abundances of the elements; ¿ explain the functioning of mass spectrometers with homogeneous and static fields and distinguish between the different methods for ionising volatile organic compounds and non-volatile (bio)molecules; ¿ describe radical-induced and charge-induced fragmentation mechanisms of organic compounds and apply their knowledge to calculate isotope profiles and use databases for thermochemical, thermophysical and ionic energy data and EI mass spectra.

Prerequisites for registration: positive evaluation of compulsory modules 4 and 6

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ describe and compare different techniques of atomic spectroscopy, including their operation, detectors, monochromators, interferences and applications; ¿ explain and critically evaluate areas of application of atomic fluorescence spectroscopy and plasma, spark, arc and laser emission spectroscopy; ¿ know methods to troubleshoot atomic spectroscopy and select appropriate analytical methods for specific samples; ¿ understand, describe and distinguish the interaction of ionising radiation with matter and the different types of decay; ¿ explain different techniques of radioanalysis (alpha, beta and gamma spectroscopy, liquid scintillation) and evaluate their fields of application; ¿ know and describe technical applications of X-ray and electron spectroscopy and compare their advantages and disadvantages; ¿ perform basic analytical techniques such as volume measurement, weighing, precipitation, filtration, digestion and annealing and know and apply appropriate safety and quality control measures; ¿ carry out gravimetric and volumetric determinations including neutralisation and re-dimension analysis as well as complexometry and calculate, document and critically evaluate the results; ¿ apply instrumental analysis techniques such as photometry, pH measurement and conductivity measurement and evaluate the results statistically.

Prerequisites for registration: successful completion of compulsory module 1, 2 and 7

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand, interpret and apply the fundamentals of physical-chemical measurement techniques, including mass, temperature and pressure measurement, vacuum generation, evaluation of measurement data and measurement uncertainty, and curve fitting; ¿ carry out and evaluate measurements of physico-chemical quantities; ¿ understand and conceptually apply phase equilibria, including the interpretation of phase diagrams and the prediction of phase transitions.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and explain reaction mechanisms of electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution, conjugated addition, alkylation of enolates and the reactions of enolates with carbonyl compounds; ¿ understand and explain reduction methods, oxidation methods and olefination methods; ¿ understand the concepts of chemoselectivity and protecting group chemistry and describe their applications in the synthesis of organic compounds; ¿ understand pericyclic reactions, rearrangements and fragmentations, radical reactions and the reactions of sulphur, silicon and phosphorus compounds in organic chemistry and describe their applications in the synthesis of organic compounds; ¿ understand the basics of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, including physics, excitation and detection, precession and relaxation; ¿ apply multidimensional methods for conformational determination and perform the structural characterisation of organic compounds using 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional methods; ¿ measure and interpret time-dependent effects such as line widths and kinetics to characterise the structure of organic compounds; ¿ understand and apply the basic rules for occupational safety in the organic preparative laboratory; ¿ master various techniques for the purification of organic compounds, including distillation, filtration, recrystallisation, precipitation, sublimation and extraction with work-up to acidic, basic and neutral compounds; perform stoichiometric calculations for organic chemical reactions and use chemistry databases and formula drawing programs to support them.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ reproduce the basics of the description of chemical systems in the context of theoretical chemistry; ¿ understand the quantum mechanical description of multi-electron systems and the implication of abstracting this description by inter- and intramolecular forces within the framework of molecular mechanics; ¿ compare different quantum mechanical methods as well as force fields of molecular mechanics in terms of their fundamentals and application as well as contrasting advantages, disadvantages and limitations; ¿ name use cases of the different methods such as the calculation of molecular vibrations or statistical-thermodynamic properties of the structural ensemble and argue the choice of a suitable method for their calculation; ¿ to establish the relationship between theoretical-chemical calculations and experiments from the different chemical disciplines and to understand and discuss connections and differences.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand the kinetic theory of ideal gases on a microscopic mechanical basis; ¿ justify and derive the vectorial and scalar Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity and energy distribution functions; ¿ understand the microscopic statistics of gas particles and apply them to the quantitative description of transport properties (heat conduction, viscosity, diffusion); ¿ calculate and explain the empirical rate laws of chemical reactions taking into account the reaction order and molecularity; ¿ mechanistically distinguish and describe different types of reactions, including chain reactions, autocatalytic reactions and reactions with upstream equilibrium; ¿ empirical velocity laws based on the approximation of stationary states; ¿ apply the kinetic laws for autocatalytic reactions to empirical pandemic models; ¿ understand and apply the calculation of macroscopic quantities from microscopic properties, e.g. to equilibrium constants; ¿ the Boltzmann distribution, as well as the Fermi-Dirac distribution and their application to chemical systems; ¿ calculate and apply chemical equilibria and activity coefficients, including quantum statistics, regular mixtures, mixture entropy, activity coefficients and chemical potentials.

Prerequisites for registration: successful completion of compulsory module 14 (Biochemistry A)

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and explain basic concepts of metabolic pathways of energy metabolism including pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and nucleotide metabolism; ¿ describe the mechanisms of regulation and coordination of energy metabolism; ¿ understand and explain the basic principles of synthesis and regulation of biomolecules (DNA, RNA, proteins) as well as gene expression, transcription, RNA processing and signal transduction; ¿ understand and apply basic biochemical methods and techniques including analysis, cloning, synthesis and sequencing of nucleic acids, expression, purification, sequencing and structure of proteins, identification, quantification, localisation and functional analysis of protein:RNA:ligand interactions; ¿ understand and apply basic methods of chromatography and mass spectrometry as well as the application of systems biology (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics); ¿ understand and apply the use of model organisms and model systems for physiological and pathological signal transduction cascades and biotechnology; ¿ apply bioinformatic and statistical methods to evaluate OMICs datasets; ¿ apply and visualise methods of exploratory data processing; ¿ apply systems biology analysis methods to understand and describe complex biological relationships.

Prerequisites for registration: none

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ understand and discuss the connections between anthropogenic emissions and environmental pollution; ¿ describe the chemical mechanisms of the greenhouse effect and ozone depletion in the atmosphere; ¿ assess strategies to reduce environmental impacts from chemical processes and technologies, including regulations and standards; ¿ understand and explain basic concepts of solid state chemistry, including thermodynamics, kinetics and structure of solids; ¿ describe methods for the production and characterisation of solids, including crystal growth, gas phase synthesis and high pressure/high temperature synthesis; ¿ know and evaluate applications of solids, including superhard materials, superconductors, inorganic phosphors and micro- and nanoporous materials; ¿ Understand basic concepts of macromolecular chemistry, including degree of polymerisation, stereoregularity and reaction kinetics; ¿ describe the most important industrially relevant polymers, including their structure-property relationships, use and processing; ¿ evaluate the environmental aspects of the production and use of polymers, including biocompatible and specialty medical polymers and their stabiliser chemistry.

Prerequisites for registration: successful completion of compulsory modules 3 (General Chemistry), 8 (Organic Chemestry A) and 13 (Organic Chemistry B)

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ select, set up and operate chemical synthesis apparatus, including extraction and distillation apparatus; ¿ isolate and characterise organic compounds by extraction, distillation, recrystallisation and separation of substance mixtures, including simple syntheses; ¿ consider appropriate safety measures when conducting chemical experiments, including the handling of chemicals and the use of protective equipment; ¿ understand and apply organic synthesis as an approach to different types of organic compounds and active ingredients, including the synthesis of natural materials and selected compounds; ¿ understand and explain the principles and mechanisms of pericyclic reactions, carbonyl chemistry, transition metal mediated reactions and asymmetric synthesis, including selected reactions of carbonyl compounds; ¿ understand, master and apply modern synthesis strategies for the conversion of functional groups, including current concepts and examples for the (total) synthesis of organic compounds and natural and active substances. ¿ understand and apply basic principles of chemical biology, including solid phase synthesis of peptides and nucleic acids; ¿ explain the principles of protein catalysis and nucleic acid catalysis, including the role of cofactors in the regulation of biological systems; ¿ understand and apply the importance of bioorthogonal chemistry, including the involvement of cofactors in simple regulatory mechanisms.

Prerequisites for registration: successful completion of compulsory modules 3 (General Chemistry), 8 (Organic Chemestry A) and 13 (Organic Chemistry B)

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ master organic-chemical work on a laboratory scale, including the application of in-depth organic-chemical working techniques, which build on the practical training course "Basic Organic Chemical Operations "; ¿ esterification, hydrolysis, condensation, electrophilic substitution on the aromatic compound as well as oxidation and reduction reactions; ¿ thin-layer chromatographic reaction control and column chromatographic product purification, and to control products by means of mass spectrometric and NMR spectroscopic product characterisation.

Prerequisites for registration: successful completion of compulsory module 18 (Biochemistry B)

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ apply various methods of DNA and RNA analysis, including DNA sequencing, RNA preparation and separation, and nucleic acid hybridisation; ¿ analyse and characterise proteins, including protein-DNA interactions, protein expression and purification, and enzyme kinetics experiments; ¿ understand and apply molecular cloning, including DNA synthesis, modification and isolation, and plasmid transformation experiments; ¿ understand and apply the concept of protein function, including the analysis of protein structure and function and the application of enzyme kinetics experiments; ¿ apply various methods of DNA preparation and isolation, including the preparation of high molecular weight DNA and the use of centrifugation and precipitation techniques.

Prerequisites for registration: successful completion of compulsory module 15

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ apply basic working techniques of theoretical chemistry to interdisciplinary problems from the various other fields of chemistry and to contrast the advantages and disadvantages of different methods for the given problem; ¿ know various theoretical-chemical software packages for describing quantum mechanics and classical mechanics and apply them professionally; ¿ calculate and interpret the structural and thermodynamic properties of small molecules in the gas phase using quantum mechanical methods; ¿ predict and evaluate conformational ensembles and statistical thermodynamic properties in the liquid phase using molecular dynamics simulations; ¿ understand the atomic structure of small molecules as well as biomolecular systems, visualise them professionally and interpret structural relationships; ¿ validate theoretically calculated results against experimental data and argue the reasons for any deviations; ¿ successfully present the results of their theoretical-chemical calculations to an expert audience; ¿ master the basics of text-based work on UNIX operating systems, including automation with scripting languages.

Prerequisites for registration: successful completion of the compulsory modules 1 to 23

Learning Outcome: The students are able to ¿ independently carry out a practical-experimental work on a topic from chemistry; ¿ present and discuss the results of practical and experimental work in the form of a scientific paper; ¿ apply interdisciplinary key competences in oral and written communication skills, presentation techniques and time and project management.